The patient history should be aimed at discovering which movements are painful and when. Questions may focus on whether the patient experiences the following:
- Painful locking or catching with movements in the spine
- Pain returning from forward bending
- Sudden pain during normal activities
- Problems in unsupported sitting
- Increasing pain in sustained positions
- Pain in the morning
- Pain with weather changes
(Beazell et al. 2010, Alqarni et al. 2011)
Objective findings should focus on muscle dysfunction, motor control abnormalities, and strength losses.
K
Lumbar Spine Assessment 